Zonal Systems has recently been granted a 5th patent on using geo-enclosures – geo-fenced ‘zones’ – to control machines including drones and 
autonomous vehicles, access virtual tollroads and paid parking lots and individual parking spaces, and to identify zones on maps using interactive markers.
The IP applies to a smart device apps as well as an API for a vehicle’s guidance and infotainment systems. It enables autonomous vehicles to be guided by and controlled with polygonal geo-fenced areas, “zones” according to road ROWs, parking lots, parking spaces and toll lanes, property lines, political boundaries, etc.
For a vehicle at a parking lot, we can create zones down to about +/- 1 meter, using UWB or LiDAR topography, as described here: High Definition Zones Summary. We’re working on demos for both applications, with LiDAR being the more promising, since it recruits the navigation and infotainment systems of autonomous cars. Demo will show tolling by lane, parking lot entry/exit and parking space utilization. Should be the low cost solution for many vehicular embodiments.
Please contact us for more information and a demo.